Mucosal immunization: A realistic alternative

Mucosal immunization: a realistic alternative.

Most infections occur at or through mucosal surfaces. Despite this knowledge, current vaccination practices rely predominantly on parenteral administration with only a few vaccines being registered for administion by the mucosal route. Whilst mucosal immunization brings many advantages, the lack of reliable delivery systems has been a major drawback to date. With the recent advances in delivery...

Mucosal immunization

Increased immunization coverage, along with improved sanitization and safe water, is the most important public health intervention to improve child health in documented human history, resulting in a significant decrease in child mortality during the 20 century. Immunization is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the most cost-effective of all health interventions, having...

Mucosal immunization against respiratory bacterial pathogens.

Bacterial respiratory diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The young and the elderly are particularly susceptible to the pathogens that cause these diseases. Therapeutic approaches remain dependent upon antibiotics contributing to the persistent increases in antibiotic resistance. The main causes of respiratory disease discussed in this review are Mycob...

Taking a 'PASS' on alternative immunization schedules.

Mucosal immunization for bacterial respiratory infections.